বুধবার, ৩১ অক্টোবর, ২০১২

Sandy takes a nasty bite out of NYC infrastructure

Justin Lane / EPA

A police officer crosses over police tape at a closed subway station on Tuesday after Sandy drenched New York City.

By James Eng, NBC News

Updated at 4:49 p.m. ET: The unprecedented surge from Sandy?s floodwaters took a bite out of the core of the Big Apple's infrastructure, knocking out power to electrical substations and crippling a subway system used daily?by more than 4 million people.

The storm?s impact should be a wake-up call that the city ? and the rest of the nation ? needs to better prepare for the dangers of the coastal flooding, which is likely to become more frequent in the decades ahead, experts say.


For now, the loss of power and a way to get around adds up to a major headache for many New Yorkers, and a hazard to some.

?The work of getting our mass transit grid and our power grid restored ? is going to take more time and a lot of patience,? New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg said at a Tuesday morning?press conference. ?Our administration will move heaven and earth to help them.?

New York City's Mayor Michael Bloomberg says that at least 10 people were killed during Sandy and the storms' "path of destruction will be felt for some time."

New York?s subway system, one of the largest ? and oldest ? mass-transit systems in the world, was shut down Monday in advance of the superstorm.

Bloomberg said Tuesday it could be ?a good four or five days? before subways are back up and running, though Metropolitan Transit Authority Chairman Joseph Lhota cautioned it's?too early to say how long it will take to restore full service.?

Floodwaters swamped at least seven subway tunnels under the East River, and transit officials called the damage unprecedented.

?The New York City subway system is 108 years old, but it has never faced a disaster as devastating as what we experienced last night,? Lhota said in a statement. ?Hurricane Sandy wreaked havoc on our entire transportation system, in every borough and county of the region. It has brought down trees, ripped out power and inundated tunnels, rail yards and bus depots.?

Reuters

A boat rests on tracks at Metro-North's Ossining Station on the Hudson Line on Tuesday in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy, in New York.

Bloomberg said the advance shutdown and the MTA?s temporary moving of much of its ?rolling stock? of trains to higher ground may have spared the system from even more serious damage.

But the immediate fix for the flooded system isn?t simply pumping water out of the tunnels.

Unlike rainwater, the corrosive saltwater whipped up by Sandy could damage much of the subways? electrical parts and equipment, says Radley Horton, an associate research scientist with the Center for Climate Systems Research at Columbia University.

Andrew Burton / Getty Images

Superstorm Sandy made landfall Monday evening on a destructive and deadly path across the Northeast.

?Saltwater and electricity don?t mix. Even after that water is removed, it?s going to take some time to replace the electrical equipment, test signals, that sort of thing,? Horton says.

Other potentially serious infrastructure damage wrought by Sandy, according to Horton:

  • Electrical generation ? Some major distribution points were reported out. Con Edison said Tuesday that 780,000 homes and business lost power.?The utility?cut electricity to some areas to save its equipment and a transformer exploded at a plant on 14th Street in Manhattan, blacking out others.?Con Ed officials called the power failures ?the largest storm-related outage in our history.?
  • Wastewater treatment plants ? New Yorkers rely on these facilities to treat sewage and wastewater from homes and businesses before releasing it into waterways surrounding the city.?Located at sites around the city, many of these plants were overwhelmed during Hurricane Irene last year.

Many of the city?s major roadways and bridges seem to have escaped catastrophic damage. Gov. Andrew Cuomo announced that five of the MTA?s seven bridges were fully inspected and reopened at noon on Tuesday. The two Rockaway bridges, Cross Bay Veterans Memorial and Marine Parkway-Gil Hodges bridges, and the Hugh L. Carey and Queens Midtown Tunnel remain closed. Buses were being phased back into service, with a?full schedule expected for Wednesday.?

Authorities were?still assessing damage to New York's three major airports, and?thousands of flights were canceled across the Northeast.?"We are focused on reopening as quickly as possible. But we will not compromise safety," Pasquale DiFulco, a spokesman for the Port Authority, told Reuters. "We need to walk the runways and make sure there's no debris."

The damage was so severe that Sandy should serve a wake-up call to cities around the world about the extreme threat posed by coastal flooding, scientists say.

Klaus Jacob, a geophysicist and senior research scientist at Columbia University, told PRI?s The World:

?We had one wake-up call last year under the name of Irene. We got away with less than we will most likely incur from Sandy,? says Jacob. ?The question is how many wake-up calls do we need to get out of our snoozing, sleeping, dreaming morning attitude? We have to get into action. We have to set priorities and spend money. For every one dollar invested in protection you get a return of four dollars of not-incurred losses.?

Horton, who was on a blue-ribbon commission that in 2009 examined the MTA and environmental sustainability, said one of the report?s main recommendations was to focus on flexible approaches in adapting to climate hazards.

?In some ways this is the greatest transit system in the world, but I think we?re in uncharted waters,? Horton told NBC News.

Insurance may soften blow of Sandy's economic hit?

?I hope this storm is a wake-up call not just to our region ?. but also nationally to help get adaptation on the map and help people understand the extent to which sea level rise will increase the frequency of coastal flooding events,? Horton said.

?Even if storms do not become stronger in the future and we get a relatively small amount of sea level rise, the frequency of coastal flooding events may triple by end of this century simply because the average sea level will be higher.?

New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo agreed that officials need to think about ways to better protect the nation's most populous city from storms that have been increasing in both intensity and frequency.

?We have to resist the temptation for people to say, 'This is a once-in-a-100-years event; let?s just fix it and move forward,?? Cuomo was quoted as saying.

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Source: http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/10/30/14808701-sandy-leaves-nyc-subway-system-infrastructure-licking-its-wounds?lite

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Nick Jonas Admits: "Wedding Bells" All About Miley Cyrus!

Source: http://www.thehollywoodgossip.com/2012/10/nick-jonas-admits-wedding-bells-all-about-miley-cyrus/

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Leaving the Hall Light On, National Association of Memoir Writers ...

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We are so pleased that Madeline Sharples is making a stop with us on her blog tour for her memoir Leaving the Hall Light On:?A Mother?s Memoir of Living with Her Son?s Bipolar Disorder and Surviving His Suicide. She answers some of the important questions about writing a healing memoir. A memoir about the tragedy in her family?s life of mental illness and suicide is a long journey, and her story offers all of us important information about writing, society?s attitude toward mental illness, and how writing can help with?the healing?of heart and soul.

What does the title of the book mean?

At first I believed?my magical thinking?that if I left the hall light on, if we didn?t move away from our house, if we didn?t change our telephone number, Paul would know how to make his way back. Paul would know we were still here waiting for him. For a long time I waited for that familiar sound of his Volvo coming into the garage, the sound of the door from the garage slamming as he entered the house and went down the hall to his room, the sound of him walking around the house at night, the sound of the door opening and closing as he went in and out of the house. In fact, for a while I thought I heard those sounds. I also left most of the things in his room and closet alone for fear of removing his presence there. For a long time I refused to give away his things in case he would need them when he came back.

Once those sounds in my imagination and my magical thinking fell away, my need to keep the hall light on became another one of the things that helped me get through my grief. We left the hall light on for him when he was home. I just couldn?t break that routine.

And while that was all going on my husband Bob and I had a push-me, pull-you interaction about it. Bob had a habit of turning off all the lights before he went to bed. Since he usually went to bed after me, I would wait until he got into bed. Then I?d get up and turn on the hall light again. Sometimes we?d go back and forth on this several times in one night. If he forgot his glass of water he?d get up and turn the light off again. If he needed a certain vitamin from the kitchen cabinet, he?d get up, go into the kitchen to get what he needed, and then go down and turn the light off again on his way back to bed. And, if I fell asleep before him, I?d wake in the middle of the night and go back down to turn the light on once more.

Once in a while I?d ask him to leave it on. If he asked why, I?d give him the lame excuse that I needed a light on to guide me through the house when I left to go to the gym in the dark of the early morning. Sometimes he?d buy that. Most of the time he?d forget and turn off the light.

Gradually though, say in the last two, three years, leaving the hall light on has become less and less important. That I can leave it off night after night means I am healing and that I am over the magical thinking stage of my grieving process.

?How have you seen the stigma of mental illness and suicide play out in your life?

My son was a young adult, age twenty-one, when he was diagnosed with bipolar disorder. And throughout the seven years he struggled with the disease, I thoroughly believe the stigma of his mental illness stopped him from a program of treatment that might have saved him from his destiny, suicide. He was a master of hiding his illness. In fact he worked as a trouble-shooter for an Internet service provider the last two years of his life, and his co-workers had no idea he was ill.

Stigma is also rampant in my family. A few months ago my cousin came to our house to review and discuss the family history my husband had been writing. After reviewing the material he made one request?leave out the part about his father?s bipolar disorder. In fact he didn?t want to see any discussion of any of the mental illness that permeates my side of our family.

That was proof enough for me that the stigma of mental illness still exists.

Although my husband did not mention our family?s mental illness in the history, I openly discussed my grandmother?s, uncle?s, cousin?s, and mother?s mental illness in my memoir, Leaving the Hall Light On, and that I believe that their genes passed on bipolar disorder to my son. Unfortunately I learned the effects of those genes much too late because my family didn?t talk about it.

?What can a person do to help and comfort a family that has experienced a suicide or other tragedy?

My greatest comfort after our son?s death came from my next-door neighbor Patty. My husband and I had her family over for dinner when they moved into their house, and we went out to dinner with her and her husband once in a while, but she and I were just a bit more than friendly acquaintances.

Yet she really came through after Paul died. She offered to put up out-of-town relatives, she brought over bagels and cream cheese in the morning, and she supplied the coffee for the open house after the funeral. She was just there in a very quiet nonintrusive way. The word ?suicide? didn?t make her back off.

Before the first Thanksgiving after Paul?s death, Patty left a basket on my doorstep. Her note said that she dreaded the holidays after her mother died, so she gathered??harvested? was the word she used ? a few things to ease the holiday season for me. As I read her note and looked through the basket, I cried, not only out of the dread of being without Paul on Thanksgiving, Hanukah, and his New Year?s Eve birthday, but for the generosity and caring of a person I hardly knew. In such a quiet and unassuming way, she showed me real human compassion and understanding. She never asked me a lot of questions, and she didn?t intrude on my privacy. She just let me know she was there for me if I needed her.

Among the items inside?each one separately wrapped?was a poetry book about coping with the loss of a love?she knew I wrote poetry. She also included a journal, a sweet smelling candle, a box of absolutely delicious chocolate covered graham crackers, and a smooth gray stone.

This stone became my biggest comfort. Just large enough to fit in the palm of my hand, it feels the perfect size when I close my hand around it. One edge is round and the other is triangular. One side is plain; the other has the word ?son? carved into it. Right after Patty left the basket on my doorstep, my little stone became my nighttime friend.

I got into the habit of going to bed with it. Once settled, I held it on my chest just between my breasts. I liked its coldness on my aching heart. It helped me relax. Holding it in my hand and reading the word with my thumb also helped. I carried it around in my pocket for a while. I wanted to feel it there for me. Then, I began to wonder about my own sanity. Was I trying to exchange my son for a stone?

When I got myself more together and began to feel better, I let go of it and let it rest on another item from that basket?a little, silk-covered, sachet pillow that smells of lavender with butterflies and the word ?heal? painted on the silk. These two gifts from Patty are still there on my bedside table after all these years.

Who should read your book?

I?ve included a few testimonials that speak of the benefits better than I could:

?Anyone who wants to learn how to live with children or adults with bipolar disorder, must read this book.?

?I could imagine that this book might be helpful for those dealing with bipolar disease or suicide in the family, but for those of us fortunate enough not to have yet experienced those problems, it also provides a very real look into how good but human people deal with the cruelty of fate.?

?I am still struggling with the passing of my son, Justin, 34 weeks ago and this book offered me hope that my grief can soften and my life can continue on.?

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?As the mother of a suicide I can relate to so many of her comments. I hope her book will become a source for others who are attempting to cope with bipolar disorder and what suicide does to the family left behind?.?

?I highly recommend this to anyone who is ready to explore their deepest feelings.?

?The book is incredibly moving and has much to teach anyone grieving the loss of a loved one. Or suffering any kind of loss?what she learns along the way can be applied to so much that people go through.

What was it like to write your book?how long did it take?

My memoir evolved in part from the journal entries I started writing when my son was first diagnosed as bipolar. That was in Spring 1993. I wrote in spiral notebooks, and when I began to think that about creating a book from that material, I began to highlight the relevant text and then type it into my computer ? a long arduous job.

I also wrote pieces that eventually emerged in my memoir as early as 1995 in a creative writing class at the UCLA Extension Writer?s Program and at ?Writing About Our Lives? and poetry workshops at Esalen in Big Sur, CA. Then, in January 2000, just four months after my son died I started attending Jack Grapes? (Los Angeles Poets and Writers Collective) method writing class. He and my workshop-mates were very forgiving about my endless pieces about my grief and my son?s death. During this time I put together a poetry manuscript of about forty poems all related to my son?s death and its aftermath.

In 2002 I met a young woman ? a former literary agent ? who read my poetry and some of my prose and suggested I organize a book based on the sequence of my poems. For a while she gave me advice and writing prompts ? all useful to the content of my book. When I finally had a book together with each chapter starting with a poem, I hired an editor, a writing teacher, who first read and gave me comments chapter by chapter. Then once I integrated her comments she read the book as a whole and made comments that I integrated again. I sent out that completed draft when a prospective agent or publisher asked to see my manuscript during my two-year querying process.

When I finally had a publishing contract I hadn?t read my manuscript in over two years. The first thing I did before embarking on the hordes of revisions I promised my publisher I would do was read my memoir front to back, noting typos, repeats, inconsistencies, and most important of all, places where the information was outdated. It took me five months to complete the revisions. I knew I was finally finished when I stopped thinking about what more I could do to it and when I felt comfortable letting it go.

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It took me literally from 1993 to 2011 to create the final version of my book.

When you got discouraged, what helped you to keep going?

When I was at the height of my frustration about getting rejected from one agent after the other, I decided to take a break from my memoir and attend a workshop called Writing Your First Novel. I was very nervous about that because fiction wasn?t normally my forte. However I had an idea that my workshop group and instructor liked. And surprise, surprise they were also very encouraging about my fiction writing. After the workshop I wrote at least 300 words a day for several months until I got my publishing contract. I picked it up again after I completed my memoir revisions. I also took an online novel writing class with the same instructor. It?s back on the shelf again until I come up for air after all the book touring and marketing. Right now I have something written for every scene (about 90,000 words), but it needs quite a bit of fleshing out and a major edit.

Did you have a coach or support system?

Even though writing is a lonely business, a village of resources helped and nurtured me from the time I started writing my memoir, Leaving the Hall Light On. I started with journaling, at first sporadically and later, after reading and doing the exercises in The Artist?s Way by Julia Cameron (Putnam?s Sons, 1992), I wrote my morning pages, not missing a day of keeping my fingers moving across the page.

After amassing about three years worth of journal entries I began to think about turning them into a book. But, I was not a creative writer. My writing experience consisted of writing, editing, and training engineers on reports and proposals in the aerospace industry. So I went back to school to learn.

I took fiction, essay, and memoir writing classes through UCLA Extension Writer?s Program. The people from my first fiction class formed a writing group, meeting monthly, sharing and gently critiquing each other?s writing. Unfortunately our group disbanded when my son who was bipolar took his life. But, one of the pieces from that first class ended up in my memoir.

A member of that group spoke lovingly about Jack Grapes of the Los Angeles Poet?s and Writer?s Collective, who taught classes in the living room of his family home. Three months after Paul died I enrolled in Jack?s level one method writing class, and for five years I worked my way up the level ladder, ending with a poetry editing class. Many of the poems I wrote in the Grapes class are also in my memoir.

The prompts in Mourning & Mitzvah?A Guided Journal for Walking the Mourner?s Path Through Grief to Healing (Jewish Lights Publishing, 1992) also kept me sane. However, I keep returning to Esalen Institute in Big Sur, California ? my healing and writing place. Early on I discovered Ellen Bass? ?Writing About Our Lives? workshop and almost immediately poems started to flow from my pen. I still attend poetry workshops there with many of the people I?ve written with at Esalen for years.

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Once I amassed enough material, I had no idea how to put it together. Luckily my son Ben introduced me to a former literary agent who reviewed my work, gave me writing prompts, and suggested I structure my book based on the sequence of poems in my poetry manuscript. Though the book went through several changes later on, her suggestions formed my book?s organization. Because I based my book on my list of poems I was adamant that my poems appear in the book. Luckily my publisher agreed and even asked me to add more.

Once I had a draft manuscript ? edited by a woman referred to me by one of my memoir-writing instructors ? I started querying. Again through an introduction from Ben, a CEO of a small press critiqued and advised me on my query letter and book proposal ? I used How to Write a Book Proposal by Michael Larsen (Writer?s Digest Books, 1997). And once I found my publisher, I spent months revising my book. I relied on techniques I learned while working on proposals in the aerospace industry and the generous help from a group of readers, editors, and reviewers who worked with me until my book was published.

My village was my support system in every way in the writing and revising of my book.

Madeline Sharples? memoir,?Leaving the Hall Light On: A Mother?s Memoir of Living with Her Son?s Bipolar Disorder and Surviving His Suicide,?was released in 2011, and has just been released in paperback and as an eBook edition by Dream of Things, a small publisher. She chronicles the path back to her own life after the loss of her son to suicide. She wants to inspire others to heal their own tragic experiences.

She also co-authored?Blue-Collar Women: Trailblazing Women Take on Men-Only Jobs?(New Horizon Press, 1994), co-edited the poetry anthology,?The Great American Poetry Show,?Volumes 1 and 2. Madeline?s articles appear in Naturally Savvy?and?PsychAlive. Madeline?s mission since the death of her son is to raise awareness, educate, and erase the stigma of mental illness and suicide in hopes of saving lives. Madeline and her husband live in Manhattan Beach, California. Her younger son Ben lives in Santa Monica, California with his wife.?

http://madeline40.blogspot.com

http://www.redroom.com/member/madeline40

http://www.MadelineSharples.com

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Source: http://www.namw.org/blog/guest-blog-madeline-sharpless-memoir-leaving-the-hall-light-on/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=guest-blog-madeline-sharpless-memoir-leaving-the-hall-light-on

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মঙ্গলবার, ৩০ অক্টোবর, ২০১২

Survivors criticize Myanmar gov't over clashes

SITTWE, Myanmar (AP) ? Survivors of ethnic clashes in western Myanmar lashed out at the government Monday for failing to prevent violence between Muslims and Buddhists that has displaced more than 28,000 people over the last week.

The crisis, which first began in June, has raised international concern and posed one of the biggest challenges yet to Myanmar's reformist President Thein Sein, who inherited power from a xenophobic military junta last year.

The latest violence between ethnic Rakhine Buddhists and Rohingya Muslims began Oct. 21 and has left at least 84 people dead and 129 injured, according to the government. Human rights groups believe the true toll could be far higher.

"The authorities are not solving the problem and soldiers are not defending us," said Kyaw Myint, a Muslim man who took refuge at Thechaung camp outside Sittwe. He fled his home in nearby Pauktaw when it was torched Wednesday.

"I feel as though I am in hell," he said. "We have no one to take care of us, no place to go, and now no job to earn a living."

A 37-year-old Rakhine trader named Maung Than Naing, reached by phone in the village of Kyauktaw, also expressed anger over the government's handling of the violence.

"We are helpless because the government is not dealing with the root of the problem," he said. "We no longer want to live with the Muslims."

Maung Than Naing, who also lost his home in an arson attack, blamed the Rohingya for breaking the calm.

"These poor Muslim people who live hand to mouth burned their own homes so that they enjoy the U.N. aid where they are given shelter and free food," he said.

A tense calm has held across the region since Saturday, Rakhine state spokesman Myo Thant said.

Security had been stepped up in the state, with additional police and soldiers deployed, but he declined to give details.

The priority now is to ensure those who lost homes have adequate shelter and food, Myo Thant said.

The long-brewing conflict is rooted in a dispute over the Muslim residents' origin. Although many Rohingya have lived in Myanmar for generations, they are widely denigrated as intruders who came from neighboring Bangladesh to steal scarce land.

The Rohingya also face official discrimination, a policy encouraged by Myanmar's previous military regimes to enlist popular support among other groups. A 1982 law formally excluded them as one of the country's 135 ethnicities, meaning most are denied basic civil rights and are deprived of citizenship.

Human rights groups say racism also plays a role: Many Rohingya, who speak a Bengali dialect and resemble Muslim Bangladeshis, have darker skin and are heavily discriminated against.

Bangladesh, though, also denies them citizenship. The U.N. estimates their population in Myanmar at 800,000.

Tensions have simmered in western Myanmar since clashes first broke out in June after a Rakhine woman was allegedly raped and murdered by three Muslim men.

The June violence displaced 75,000 people ? also mostly Muslims.

U.N. Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in Myanmar Ashok Nigam said on Monday that the number of displaced was likely to rise because some people who fled affected areas along the coast by boat last week have yet to be counted.

An estimated 27,300 of the 28,000 newly displaced are Muslims, Nigam said, adding that the U.N. figure was based on statistics from local authorities.

The new numbers bring the total number of displaced in Rakhine state since June to at least 103,000.

___

Aye Aye Win reported from Yangon, Myanmar.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/survivors-criticize-myanmar-govt-over-clashes-110324167.html

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Higher education levels in women change relationship patterns

Higher education levels in women change relationship patterns [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 30-Oct-2012
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Contact: Maria Jesus Delgado
MariaJesus.Delgado@uab.cat
34-935-814-049
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona

The number of couples in which the woman has a higher level of university studies than her male partner is growing steadily and in many countries this trend surpasses the opposite situation, which historically has been the predominant. This is the conclusion reached by the Centre for Demographic Studies of the Universitat Autnoma de Barcelona (CED-UAB), which conducted a research in 56 countries to study the effects an increase in education levels amongst women are having on heterosexual relationship patterns. The research also sets the bases to delve deeper into the social dimensions this change in model may represent.

The study conducted by Albert Esteve, Joan Garcia-Roman and Iaki Permanyer analyses the effects on couples when there are more women than men with university studies. To do this they gathered data from 138 censuses in 56 countries, dating from 1968 to 2009. The research was published in Population Development Review, one of the most prestigious journals dedicated to population studies.

The study concludes that higher education levels in women has a direct effect on union formation. Such is the effect that in countries in which there are more women than men with university studies, the number of couples in which the woman unites "downwards" (with a man with lesser studies) surpasses those who unite "upwards" (with a man with more studies).

Traditionally in heterosexual couples, the dominating pattern existing was the educational hypergamy of the woman, a type of relationship in which the woman marries a man with a higher educational attainment and in which there are important gender differences. In recent years however, an easier access to education for women is altering this model. "Given this historical inertia, one could consider that the increase in education amongst women would make forming unions more difficult and raise the number of single women. However, what we see is that the composition of couples adapts quite well to these structural changes and that if these changes take place, sooner or later they will have an effect on the marriage market", Albert Esteve states.

The census data used in the study, individual and anonymous, is available at IPUMS (Integrated Public Use Microdata Series), a project by the University of Minnesota, which is creating an enormous international population database consisting of microdata samples. Researchers analysed both married couples and partners living together, creating an index to measure the educational difference between men and women, and another index to measure the prevalence of hypergamy over hypogamy couples when related to education.

With only a few exceptions, there is a steady decrease in the level of educational hypergamy in both advanced and developing countries, although there continues to be significant differences between these countries. At the beginning of the 1970s, "upward" couples surpassed "downward" couples in all 18 countries in which there was census data between 1970 and 1975. At the start of the new century, 26 of the 51 countries registered negative educational hypergamy values. These countries are home to diverse societies, such as France, Jordan, Mongolia, Slovenia and South Africa. In the case of Spain, in 2001 for every 100 hypogamy couples there were 67 hypergamy couples.

It was not possible to include some countries in the study due to lack of data. This includes countries such as Japan, South Korea, or China; very traditional societies in terms of relationships and with high levels of single women among those with higher education levels. Nevertheless, researchers consider that the increase in university women will end up modifying the rules of the game, principally in China, a country in which there are few women and where it is believed that in 2050 there will be 140 female university students for every 100 male university students.

Researchers nevertheless state that the study reveals the universality of a phenomenon previously observed in other countries, such as the United States and Brazil, and amplifies the results, demonstrating that this change is taking place all over the world and can have effects on other dimensions of social life.

If the trends in education continue, prevalence in educational hypergamy will continue to decrease, researchers say. This scenario suggests that the increase in education level amongst women can have important effects on traditional relationship models and represents a step forward in reaching symmetry when forming relationships. "It will be interesting to observe whether this change develops into more equality between men and women in other aspects of their life (decision-making, distribution of home tasks, divorce, fertility, etc.)", Albert Esteve comments.

Theories on couple models have not yet included this new situation. Historically, in opposition to traditional models in which marriage was an alliance between complementary gender roles (the husband providing an income for the family and the wife caring for the home and children), there appeared models in which partners shared both roles (the two-income or bi-active models with regard to the labour market). Albert Esteve considers that "now we must focus on studying the hypogamy model, not only on educational aspects, but also when the woman is the main income earner which, in these times of crisis, is becoming increasingly the case".

The study calls for more research - from a wider perspective - on the consequences these changes may have in the distribution of gender roles. Will this lead to more equality in relationships? How will each person's expectation affect the relationship? What role is education to play in how people choose their partners? These are some of the questions researchers seek to answer in the future.

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Higher education levels in women change relationship patterns [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 30-Oct-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Maria Jesus Delgado
MariaJesus.Delgado@uab.cat
34-935-814-049
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona

The number of couples in which the woman has a higher level of university studies than her male partner is growing steadily and in many countries this trend surpasses the opposite situation, which historically has been the predominant. This is the conclusion reached by the Centre for Demographic Studies of the Universitat Autnoma de Barcelona (CED-UAB), which conducted a research in 56 countries to study the effects an increase in education levels amongst women are having on heterosexual relationship patterns. The research also sets the bases to delve deeper into the social dimensions this change in model may represent.

The study conducted by Albert Esteve, Joan Garcia-Roman and Iaki Permanyer analyses the effects on couples when there are more women than men with university studies. To do this they gathered data from 138 censuses in 56 countries, dating from 1968 to 2009. The research was published in Population Development Review, one of the most prestigious journals dedicated to population studies.

The study concludes that higher education levels in women has a direct effect on union formation. Such is the effect that in countries in which there are more women than men with university studies, the number of couples in which the woman unites "downwards" (with a man with lesser studies) surpasses those who unite "upwards" (with a man with more studies).

Traditionally in heterosexual couples, the dominating pattern existing was the educational hypergamy of the woman, a type of relationship in which the woman marries a man with a higher educational attainment and in which there are important gender differences. In recent years however, an easier access to education for women is altering this model. "Given this historical inertia, one could consider that the increase in education amongst women would make forming unions more difficult and raise the number of single women. However, what we see is that the composition of couples adapts quite well to these structural changes and that if these changes take place, sooner or later they will have an effect on the marriage market", Albert Esteve states.

The census data used in the study, individual and anonymous, is available at IPUMS (Integrated Public Use Microdata Series), a project by the University of Minnesota, which is creating an enormous international population database consisting of microdata samples. Researchers analysed both married couples and partners living together, creating an index to measure the educational difference between men and women, and another index to measure the prevalence of hypergamy over hypogamy couples when related to education.

With only a few exceptions, there is a steady decrease in the level of educational hypergamy in both advanced and developing countries, although there continues to be significant differences between these countries. At the beginning of the 1970s, "upward" couples surpassed "downward" couples in all 18 countries in which there was census data between 1970 and 1975. At the start of the new century, 26 of the 51 countries registered negative educational hypergamy values. These countries are home to diverse societies, such as France, Jordan, Mongolia, Slovenia and South Africa. In the case of Spain, in 2001 for every 100 hypogamy couples there were 67 hypergamy couples.

It was not possible to include some countries in the study due to lack of data. This includes countries such as Japan, South Korea, or China; very traditional societies in terms of relationships and with high levels of single women among those with higher education levels. Nevertheless, researchers consider that the increase in university women will end up modifying the rules of the game, principally in China, a country in which there are few women and where it is believed that in 2050 there will be 140 female university students for every 100 male university students.

Researchers nevertheless state that the study reveals the universality of a phenomenon previously observed in other countries, such as the United States and Brazil, and amplifies the results, demonstrating that this change is taking place all over the world and can have effects on other dimensions of social life.

If the trends in education continue, prevalence in educational hypergamy will continue to decrease, researchers say. This scenario suggests that the increase in education level amongst women can have important effects on traditional relationship models and represents a step forward in reaching symmetry when forming relationships. "It will be interesting to observe whether this change develops into more equality between men and women in other aspects of their life (decision-making, distribution of home tasks, divorce, fertility, etc.)", Albert Esteve comments.

Theories on couple models have not yet included this new situation. Historically, in opposition to traditional models in which marriage was an alliance between complementary gender roles (the husband providing an income for the family and the wife caring for the home and children), there appeared models in which partners shared both roles (the two-income or bi-active models with regard to the labour market). Albert Esteve considers that "now we must focus on studying the hypogamy model, not only on educational aspects, but also when the woman is the main income earner which, in these times of crisis, is becoming increasingly the case".

The study calls for more research - from a wider perspective - on the consequences these changes may have in the distribution of gender roles. Will this lead to more equality in relationships? How will each person's expectation affect the relationship? What role is education to play in how people choose their partners? These are some of the questions researchers seek to answer in the future.

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Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/uadb-hel103012.php

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Microsoft adds WP8 app to Windows Store just in time for launch

Microsft adds Windows Phone app to Windows Store ahead of WP 8 event

If you're aiming to get your hands on one of the many Windows Phone 8 devices launching later today, it would be nice to be able to sync it with your Windows 8 PC, no? Redmond has you covered in the nick of time, as it's just released the free Windows Phone app to its Windows Store. That'll let you get music, photos, or video over to your computer and back, use Windows 8 apps to share things like searches, automatically save photos or videos taken with your phone to your PC and check your phone's storage to see how it's being used. It'll also let allow you to download phone apps and learn more about your device, while pulling off a trick we've saw first with Apple, then WP7 -- letting you track down your smartphone if it goes missing. You can grab it at the source, then all you'll need is a WP8 handset -- so stay tuned for our liveblog at 10:00 am PST / 1:00 pm EST to see when that might happen.

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Microsoft adds WP8 app to Windows Store just in time for launch originally appeared on Engadget on Mon, 29 Oct 2012 01:42:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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American Airlines mechanics: Many buyouts, few layoffs

American Airlines will not have to resort to mass layoffs during its bankruptcy, because so many mechanics accepted American Airlines' buyout offer.

By Associated Press / October 28, 2012

In this August file photo, American Airlines airplanes are parked at their gates at JFK International airport in New York. American Airlines said Friday it may need to lay off as few as 290 mechanics as it struggles to get out of bankruptcy.

Mary Altaffer/AP/File

Enlarge

So many mechanics at?American?Airlines?are taking buyouts that the company expects it will need to lay off only a small fraction of the number it had originally planned.

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American?officials said Friday that the?airline?will furlough as few as 290 mechanics and parts clerks. It will eliminate the jobs of nearly 1,000 mechanics but has more than 700 vacancies that the affected workers can fill.

American?said in February that it would eliminate 4,600 jobs among mechanics and clerks as it restructured under bankruptcy protection.

"From the beginning, we tried to save as many jobs as possible, especially on the aircraft maintenance side," said James C. Little, president of the Transport Workers Union, which represents the employees. "I think we managed to do well compared with other?airlines?that went through bankruptcy."

Company spokesman Bruce Hicks said contract changes negotiated with the Transport Workers Union, including the buyouts, reduced the need for furloughs, or layoffs with rehiring rights. More than 1,500 mechanics and clerks applied for buyouts that offered from $12,500 to $22,500 to workers who agreed to leave voluntarily over the next year.

"Despite the significantly reduced numbers of furloughs, involuntary separations are an unfortunate but necessary part of the restructuring process," Hicks said.

The fate of several thousand bag handlers and other ground workers is still unclear. Last month,?Americansent layoff notices to more than 11,000 workers, more than half of whom were so-called fleet-service workers including bag handlers. About 1,200 bag handlers signed up for early-out payments.

American?and parent company AMR Corp., both based in Fort Worth, filed for bankruptcy protection in November.?American?is trying to cut annual labor costs by about $1 billion through layoffs, reduced benefits and other changes.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/1GG8nx-3vgo/American-Airlines-mechanics-Many-buyouts-few-layoffs

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juhansingh: larafawcatt: Utility Variable-Generation Integration Group

Scholarship for Undergraduate Students in Power Engineering and Wind or Solar Power Plant Technician by Utility Variable-Generation Integration Group, Tennessee, 2013 2014

Scholarship Program: Utility Variable-Generation Integration Group Scholarship 2013 2014

Type of Award: Scholarship

Nationality: Scholarship is open for U.S. or Canada citizens.

Employer: Utility Variable-Generation Integration Group is funding scholarship program.

Level of study: Scholarship is for Undergraduate program.

Subject(s): Scholarship in the field of Power Engineering and wind or solar power plant technician program.

Duration: Scholarship program duration is one academic year.

Number of awards: Scholarship award number will be 5.

Am I eligible? To be eligible for scholarship assistance, a student must be currently enrolled or accepted for enrollment at an accredited trade school or college in the United States or Canada in a field of study leading to a career related to utility power engineering or operation and maintenance of utility-scale wind or solar generation equipment. Applications from students in other countries will be considered if the student can list as a reference an employee at a UVIG member organization in that country.

How do I apply? Students can apply for this scholarship program By Post or Electronically.

What does it cover? Scholarship amount ranges from $1000-$2,000 each.

Scholarship Description: The Utility Variable-Generation Integration Group (UVIG) Board of Directors has established as one of its goals furthering the education of students enrolled in accredited college or vocational schools in programs related to power engineering, wind or solar energy, or the maintenance of wind turbines or solar power plants. Towards this end, each year UVIG may award up to five scholarships.

Application closing date: Students can apply for this scholarship program till 15 February, 2013.

Further Scholarship Information and Application

Tags: 2013 2014, Power Engineering, Scholarship, Tennessee, Undergraduates, Utility Variable-Generation Integration Group

Category: Engineering, Scholarships for International Students, Undergraduate Scholarships, Grants and Fellowships Programs

Source: http://scholarshipfellowship.com/utility-variable-generation-integration-group-scholarship-for-u-s-or-canada-undergraduates-tennessee-2013-2014/

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Source: http://larafawcatt.blogspot.com/2012/10/utility-variable-generation-integration.html

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Source: http://juhansingh.blogspot.com/2012/10/larafawcatt-utility-variable-generation.html

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Romney and Ryan barnstorm Ohio as new poll shows tied race (Los Angeles Times)

Share With Friends: Share on FacebookTweet ThisPost to Google-BuzzSend on GmailPost to Linked-InSubscribe to This Feed | Rss To Twitter | Politics - Top Stories News, News Feeds and News via Feedzilla.

Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/258894961?client_source=feed&format=rss

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Simple Ways to Assess and Take Charge of Your Health ...

Health and Fitness Self AssessmentHealth and Fitness Self Assessment:? Overview

When you finally decide to live a healthier lifestyle, it means you?re going to take charge to make a permanent change. Though a wellness professional can assess clients much more thoroughly, getting on a healthier track means not waiting for a professional to tell you what you should do; take the first step in taking responsibility for your health! Don?t wait!

Your pulse or resting heart rate, your blood pressure, your waist circumference, your Body Mass Index or BMI, and simply, your own reflection and how your clothes fit, are each a piece of the puzzle to help you become aware of what?s going on inside your body. It?s extremely important that you never focus on only one of these areas to determine your overall fitness level. This is a good way to begin to take charge of your health, and start the journey that will lead you to that final destination ? a healthier lifestyle and a healthier body.

Check these every month or two, track them by writing them down, and talk to your doctor if you have questions or if you?re not in the ?normal? range.

Health and Fitness Self Assessment

1.)? Pulse/ Resting Heart Rate

Your pulse or resting heart rate is how many times your heart beats in a minute at rest. ?A lower resting heart rate means that your heart has to work less to pump blood through your body. This is a good thing. You can find your resting heart rate with a heart rate monitor, or you can find it the old fashioned way, at your wrist, which is known as the radial pulse. With your palm up, simply place your first two fingers (and never your thumb, because it has its own pulse) on the thumb side of your wrist. Count how many beats in one minute. According to the American Heart Association, an average resting heart rate is from about 60 to 100 beats per minute, with more fit individuals from 60 to low 70?s. ?An extremely fit athletic individual may have a resting heart rate from 40 to 50?s because their heart is stronger and more efficient at pumping blood throughout their body.

A few things to keep in mind; Your resting heart rate will be lower first thing in the morning, and when you?re lying down. Medications can make it higher or lower and caffeinated drinks will make it higher. Make sure you talk to your doctor if your resting heart rate is consistently too high or too low.

2.)? Blood Pressure

Your blood pressure is the pressure you?re blood flow exerts on the walls of your arteries. You can easily purchase your own blood pressure cuff that will display your BP, your heart rate, and give you guidelines, either online or at any pharmacy for about $30. ? $50. You can get your blood pressure taken for free at most pharmacies. They will also display a blood pressure norms chart for you to compare yours to. According to the American Heart Association, The Blood Pressure Classifications are:? Optimal ? less than 120/80, Prehypertension ? 120-139/80-89, Hypertension Stage 1 ? 140-159/90-99. If either the upper or lower number is high, you should see your doctor. High blood pressure diagnosis can only be given by a doctor, and is based on two or more readings at two or more visits, so see your doctor for an official diagnosis if your blood pressure falls in the high classification.

3.)? Waist Circumference

All you need is a simple fabric tape measure, or a piece of string and a standard metal tape measure. ?Place the fabric tape or the string snugly around the smallest part of your waist, or about one inch below your belly button in a level position parallel to the floor. If you?ve used a string to measure; mark it and then place it up to your standard metal tape measure to read your waist circumference. According to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute fitness guidelines, a waist measurement of 35 inches or more for women, and 40 inches or more for men puts an individual at increased risk for coronary artery disease, heart attack, stroke, type 2 diabetes, breathing problems and certain cancers.

4.)? Body Mass Index (BMI)

Your BMI takes your body stature ? both height and weight in to account. This is much better than judging your fitness from your weight alone; however, it?s just another number and only a single piece of information. BMI doesn?t work for everyone; if an individual is very muscular, is elderly, or is under 5 feet tall, BMI may need to be adjusted or may not be appropriate at all. There are websites to help you figure your BMI, or you can figure it yourself with this simple formula: weight in lbs. / (height in inches) squared x 703.

Take your number and compare it to the BMI Classifications. These are the classifications according to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute: Underweight- less than 18.5, Normal/healthy- 18.5 ? 24.9, Overweight- 25 ? 29.9, Obesity- 30 and over.

5.)? Your Reflection/ How do your clothes fit?

This suggestion may make some of you cringe, but just like the other pieces of the fitness puzzle, how you look in the mirror with and without clothes will tell you a great deal. Do you run past the full size mirror when you?re nude, hoping not to see the truth? Is your waist bigger, smaller or the same size as your hips? Do you have to jump up and down to fit into and button jeans you bought only four months ago? Do you have to buy bigger clothes every year or two just to stay comfortable? Be honest with yourself, but never focus only on your appearance to assess your health. The first and most important changes throughout your fitness journey will happen inside your body.

It?s true that most of us have heard of the importance of all of these assessments before, though most of us continue not to think about it in our daily lives, and therefore, don?t check these simple numbers. Simply assess yourself every couple months. Talk to your doctor if your numbers are high or are not in the ?normal? range.

Health and Fitness Self Assessment:? Final Thoughts

Through these simple assessments, you?ll become more aware of what?s going on inside your body. You can use these simple assessment tools to partner with your fitness and wellness professionals to do what?s best for your health. The most important thing to keep in mind is that no single bit of information should ever be used on its own to determine your fitness level. Professionals do many assessments and put the information together to get an idea of an individual?s baseline fitness level.

When it comes down to it, wellness and fitness professionals can guide you, but you are truly the only one who can make change happen. When all is said and done, we are each responsible for our own health. Now, take charge, make a change, and go make your future a great one!

Health and Fitness Self Assessment:? References

American Heart Association: http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure/AboutHighBloodPressure/Understanding-Blood-Pressure-Readings_UCM_301764_Article.jsp

Earle, E.W., Baechle, T.R. (2004). NSCA?s Essentials of Personal Training. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

National Heart, Lung and Blood Institutes: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/obesity/lose_wt/risk.htm

Author Profile: Rochelle Ramirez

Author's Website Rochelle Ramirez in an enthusiastic personal trainer and wellness speaker. She holds personal trainer certifications from the NSCA and ACE, is a certified group instructor through AFAA, and a certified Aqua Fitness instructor through APAI. Rochelle also holds a BA in Liberal Studies with a minor in English from Cal Poly Pomona, and graduated from CNI College with a certificate in personal training which focused on Exercise Science as preparation for the NSCA-CPT exam. Rochelle?s joy is in teaching others about the benefits of exercise. She focuses on helping her clients train their minds as well as their bodies. Her philosophy is simple; she believes that the human body is the greatest work of art, and that it?s our responsibility to keep it fit and feed it healthfully for a lifetime.

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Source: http://www.askthetrainer.com/assess-and-take-charge-of-your-health/

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Computer Forensics ? Levels of Investigation | Aptop Computer Repair

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Retailers Are Changing Stores - Business Insider

Brick-and-mortar retailers are making some big changes to prepare for competition from online in the next year.??

Gary Lombardo?at branding company Demandware sent us a few of his predictions for how shopping will change for customers this year. He's worked with companies like Kate Spade, Crocs and L'Oreal.?

Here's how he says stores will change:?

  • Stores will be smaller and more interactive. Stores will begin to modify their locations to have less square-footage. Customers will engage with devices like iPads.?
  • Retailers will start promotions like coupons and giveaways that customers can access through their smart phones or tablets.?
  • Brands will creep toward making the "digital wallet" a reality, starting with accessing loyalty cards on cell phones.?
  • Retailers will offer quick and free shipping to compete with Amazon.?
  • Stores will replace cash registers with digital devices like iPads. We've already seen this from Urban Outfitters.
  • Social commerce will come of age. New methods will make it easier for shoppers to buy products or redeem promotions from their social networks.?

According to Lombardo, shoppers will start to see these changes as soon as this holiday season.?

DON'T MISS:?Amazon May Have Had A Bad Earnings Miss, But It's Still Revolutionizing Retail >
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Source: http://www.businessinsider.com/retailers-are-changing-stores-2012-10

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Hurricane Sandy kills 21 across the Caribbean

NASSAU (Reuters) - Hurricane Sandy pounded the Bahamas with battering winds and rain on Friday, sweeping over the island chain after killing 21 people across the Caribbean and posing a menacing threat to the U.S. East Coast.

Forecasters warned the late-season storm is expected to combine with a polar air mass near the United States next week, potentially producing a highly unusual and potent storm that could wreak havoc along the U.S. East Coast.

The U.S. National Hurricane Center early on Friday issued tropical storm warnings for much of the Florida coast and tropical storm watches up through much of North Carolina.

Late Thursday, Sandy weakened to a Category 1 storm as it tore though sparsely populated low-lying southeastern islands in the Bahamas, knocking out power and blowing off rooftops of some homes.

Sandy's torrential rains and heavy winds were blamed for the deaths of 21 people. The Cuban government said on Thursday night that 11 people died when the storm barreled across the island, most killed by falling trees or in building collapses in Santiago de Cuba province and neighboring Guantanamo province.

Haiti's civil protection office said nine people died even though the country did not suffer a direct hit from Sandy, and one person was killed by falling rocks in Jamaica when the storm struck there on Wednesday.

The Cuban deaths were an unusually high number for the communist island which prides itself on protecting its people from storms by ordering mass evacuations.

Winds and rains generated by Sandy were also being felt in south Florida.

Early Friday, the U.S. National Hurricane Center said Sandy was about 15 miles southeast of Great Abaco Island in the Bahamas and packing maximum sustained winds of 80 miles per hour (130 km per hour).

Sandy is forecast to remain a Category 1 hurricane as it continues to move over the Bahamas on Friday, sending swirling rains and winds across several hundred miles.

In the Bahamas, government officials warned residents to stay indoors until the storm passed. There were no immediate reports of casualties or serious injuries.

On Long Island, in the southeast corner of the Bahamas island chain, Joel Friese, general manager of the Stella Maris Resort, said Sandy was fierce as it cut across the island on Thursday.

"It was way stronger than we expected," he said by telephone. "There are lots of downed trees and partial to heavy roof damage on some of the buildings."

The Bahamas Electricity Corporation, which supplies power to most of the Bahamas, said Sandy had caused power outages on several islands.

Sandy was expected to move past the Bahamas by Friday evening and head north off the U.S. coast.

Forecasters say Sandy is expected to be pulled in by another storm system moving from the west, making it come ashore in the northeastern United States late Monday or early Tuesday and unleashing heavy rains, storm surges and possibly near hurricane-force winds.

Weather trackers say the hardest-hit areas could span anywhere from the coastal Carolinas up to Maine, with New York City and the Boston area potentially in harm's way.

"There are many questions surrounding this hurricane and its forecast, but I find it important to convey that Sandy's impacts will be widespread, no matter the location of landfall," Jeff Masters, a hurricane expert at private forecaster Weather Underground (www.wundergournd.com), wrote in a blog.

He said a landfall by Sandy along the Mid-Atlantic coast could trigger "a billion-dollar disaster."

Amid final preparations for the crucial November 6 presidential election, the storm could hit an area of New England where Hurricane Irene caused severe damage last year.

Unlike Irene, which caused billions of dollars in damage as it battered the Northeast in August last year, Sandy is forecast to be a weaker storm but will be moving slower than Irene, likely bringing more rain and increasing its potential for damage, weather forecasters said.

At $4.3 billion in losses, Irene ranks as one of the 10 costliest hurricanes, adjusted for inflation and excluding federally insured damage, according to the Insurance Information Institute, an industry group.

Sandy is expected to hit the United States during a full moon, increasing the flood potential since tides will be at or near their highest.

(Reporting by Jeff Franks and Nelson Acosta in Havana, Tom Brown and Kevin Gray in Miami, Susana Ferreira in Port-au-Prince; Editing by Lisa Shumaker and Vicki Allen)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/hurricane-sandy-menaces-u-slamming-cuba-035520293.html

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